Earthquake

Displacement Field Determination of the 28 March 2025 Myanmar Earthquake (Mw 7.7) using InSAR

Lotfollah Emadali, Sasan Motaghed — Wed, 04 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0800

This study investigates the surface deformation caused by the 28 March 2025 Myanmar earthquake (Mw 7.7) using Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) techniques with Sentinel-1 data. The earthquake, occurring along the Sagaing Fault, resulted in significant ground displacement, impacting infrastructure and communities. InSAR analysis reveals detailed deformation patterns, quantified through interferograms, multi-look processing, unwrapped phase data, and displacement maps. Results indicate a rupture zone extending approximately 110 km, with maximum subsidence of -0.82 meters and uplift of 0.18 meters, along the line of sight of satellite (LOS). These findings correlate with observed structural damage and provide insights into the fault's slip distribution. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of InSAR in assessing earthquake-induced deformation, offering valuable data for seismic hazard assessment, disaster response, and long-term resilience planning in this vulnerable region. The integration of satellite-based remote sensing with macroseismic data contributes to a comprehensive understanding of seismic events, supporting improved risk mitigation strategies.

Geomagnetic anomalies observed during earthquakes: A review of Scopus database papers published in English between 1975 and 2024.

Valijon Yusupov, Elbek Khakimov — Mon, 23 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0800

This bibliometric analysis aims to examine published articles on anomalies observed in the magnetic field due to earthquakes in fourteen seismically active countries between 1975 and 2024. The data used in this analysis are obtained from the online version of the Scopus database and correspond to 290 publications according to the selection criteria. The bibliometric analysis showed that most of the articles were published in English, with the largest number of publications coming from Japan, China, Türkiye, Indonesia, Mexico, the Philippines, Italy, the Russian Federation, and Chile. Out of the 290 articles reviewed, 28 earthquakes showed changes in 6 parameters. The anomaly of the BH component of the magnetic field accounted for 28% of the total. The change in BZ is 20%, D 18%, ∆F 18%, BX 14%, BY 2%.

Nonlinear dynamic analysis of power plant air-cooled condenser (ACC) structures: An industrial application of OpenSees software

Iman Shamim — Wed, 07 May 2025 00:00:00 +0800

The Air-Cooled Condenser (ACC) structure is one of the pivotal industrial buildings in Combined-Cycled Power Plants. This structure functions as a condenser of water steam, which is conveyed to it through the steam turbine generators, and accumulates the produced water and returns it to the plant’s main water circulation system. While the overall behavior of ACCs under earthquake is fairly known, important details such as the seismic response modification coefficient, R, have been a matter of controversy among the involved engineers. To address these ambiguities and in order to conduct a sure design, a more precise investigation of seismic behavior and response of these structures was deemed to be in demand. Answering this want, a numerical program was created in OpenSees numerical modeling platform to generate models for ACCs of different types, dimensions, and mechanical properties. The numerical results obtained from the analysis, especially for concrete ACCs, for whom investigation of their behaviour was thought to be more necessary, accorded well with the expected seismic behaviour foreseen for these buildings.

Roanoke River lineament and other geomorphic anomalies in the Coastal Plain of northeastern North Carolina, USA: LiDAR evidence for late Quaternary tectonics

Ronald T. Marple, James D. Hurd, Jr. — Wed, 16 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0800

LiDAR images of northeastern North Carolina in the southeastern USA revealed a ~60-km-long, E-W-oriented geomorphic lineament that crosses the northern side of the Albemarle embayment, herein named the Roanoke River lineament. It is defined by morphological changes along the Roanoke River valley northeast of Palmyra that are aligned with a gentle ~40-km-long, E-W-oriented, south-facing topographic scarp to the east and an angular stream bend to the west. Based on its oblique orientation relative to the regional ENE-WSW-oriented horizontal compressive stress field, S_Hmax, and the style of geomorphic anomalies that define the lineament, we interpret the Roanoke River lineament to be the surface expression of a buried sinistral strike-slip fault zone, named herein the Roanoke River fault zone. This proposed fault zone may have formed to accommodate the dilatational change in volume produced by dextral motion across the ~10-km-wide Tar River right-step releasing offset in the dextral East Coast strike-slip fault system (ECFS) beneath the Atlantic Coastal Plain. North of the Roanoke River lineament is the ~55-km-long, WNW-ESE-oriented Corduroy Swamp lineament that coincides with the western Norfolk arch. Based on its oblique orientation relative to S_Hmax and the geomorphic evidence for uplift along the lineament, we postulate that it is the surface expression of a buried transpressional sinistral strike-slip fault, herein named the Corduroy Swamp fault. The existence of these and other faults interpreted herein could have major implications for the tectonic development of the Albemarle embayment and Norfolk arch along the U.S. Atlantic continental margin.