Probe - Accounting, Auditing and Taxation

Innovation of agricultural supply chain finance modes and application in financing for small and micro agricultural enterprises

Zijian Luo — 2026-01-20

Drawing on fieldwork and data in Shouguang, Zhoushan and Luohe, this study examines the financing challenges of small and micro agricultural enterprises (SMAEs). First, it reveals banks' reluctance to lend because of insufficient collateral, unverifiable data and poor credit history. Second, this study presents three innovative supply chain finance (SCF) strategies—Order financing, technology empowerment, and core enterprise credit enhancement. Third, it addresses two critical pain points (data fragmentation, risk transmission) with field-tested solutions. The model's real impact (e.g., reducing loan approval time from 15 days to 4 hours) demonstrates its value as a practical tool that directly tackles the financing needs for SMAEs.

Research on the reputation dilemma and countermeasures of CPA industry

Yuqi Zhong — 2026-01-20

This paper systematically analyzes the credit crisis faced by China's Certified Public Accountant (CPA) industry, identifying two systemic issues as their root causes: "independence dilemmas caused by distorted principal-agent relationships" and "a vicious cycle triggered by low-price competition." To address these challenges, the paper proposes three governance strategies: First, reconstructing a supervisor-oriented principalagent model to correct distortions in incentive mechanisms at the source; Second, establishing a quality-driven market competition mechanism that breaks the downward spiral of low-price competition through demand guidance and price standardization; Third, building a long-term mechanism centered on supervision and reputation to strengthen external deterrence and internal constraints. The study demonstrates that only through collaborative efforts from all stakeholders can the industry's credibility be restored. The paper emphasizes that promoting healthy industry development requires measures such as enhancing regulatory transparency, implementing dual penalties, and improving personal integrity records.

Research on definition, fraud methods, and audit countermeasures of implicit related-party transactions

Xueyi Zhao — 2026-01-20

With the increasing complexity and concealment of related-party transactions of listed companies, implicit related-party transactions have gradually become a new means of financial fraud, posing a severe challenge to auditing work. Research has found that implicit related-party transactions are mainly implemented through four major means: de-association of related-party relationships, third-party bridge transactions, and post-transaction de-association. However, the current regulatory penalties for implicit related-party transactions are insufficient and the penalty measures are single, which further encourages the violation of regulations by enterprises. Auditors can enhance their ability to identify and respond to implicit related-party transactions by strengthening professional skepticism, deepening the identification of related parties, applying data analysis, and optimizing audit procedures.

Research on fiscal and tax policies to promote green, low carbon and high quality development

Daofeng Qu — 2026-01-20

With the further promotion of China's "double carbon" goal and high-quality development becoming the theme of the times,fiscal and taxation policy, as a key tool of national macro-control,plays a central role in guiding resource allocation,stimulating green transformation and promoting coordinated regional development. This study proposes three optimization paths through the current green and low-carbon fiscal policy system in China,aiming to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for building a precise and coordinated fiscal policy framework.

Research on the synergistic effect of government subsidy and government procurement on enterprise digital transformation

Xin Guan — 2026-01-20

As a key driver of high-quality economic development, corporate digital transformation requires comprehensive government support. Using panel data from A-share listed companies (2015-2023), this study examines the synergistic effects of government subsidies and procurement on digital transformation and their underlying mechanisms. The findings demonstrate a positive co-effect between government subsidies and procurement in promoting digital transformation. Policy recommendations include: establishing a coordinated policy framework to address the limitations of single policies, maximizing the guiding role of government subsidies and procurement in digital transformation, and designing differentiated combined policies for government subsidies and procurement.

Research on the horizontal imbalance of value-added tax distribution in the digital economy era

Xinyi Zeng — 2026-01-20

The advent of the digital economy era has facilitated the high-quality development of China's economy, while also posing certain challenges to the value-added tax (VAT) collection and management model under the principle of production location. Based on panel data from 30 provinces and cities in China spanning from 2015 to 2022, this article investigates the impact mechanism of digital economy development on the interregional VAT tax gap in China from both theoretical and empirical perspectives.

Does fiscal decentralization promote corporate green technology innovation under comprehensive green transition?

Hongyan Zhang — 2026-01-20

Green innovation not only profoundly reflects the core concepts of green development and sustainable development but also closely meets the requirements of high-quality economic development in the current era. Using data from A-share listed companies, this paper constructs a two-way fixed effects model to explore the specific impact of fiscal decentralization on corporate green technology innovation. The results show that fiscal decentralization promotes corporate green technology innovation, which can affect the level of corporate innovation through two channels: foreign direct investment and local governments' energy conservation and environmental protection expenditures.

Optimization of debt structure and sustainable financing mode of urban investment company

Yuntai Wang — 2026-01-20

This study investigates debt structure optimization and sustainable financing models for urban investment companies. It first elucidates the significance of these approaches, including facilitating marketoriented transformation and mitigating systemic financial risks. Subsequently, the paper proposes actionable measures: debt restructuring to alleviate short-term repayment pressures, optimizing financing channels to establish a diversified financing system, and strengthening cost control to reduce overall financing costs. By implementing these strategies, sustainable financing models can provide crucial practical references for achieving virtuous cycle development and fortifying the financial security of local economies.

Application of big data auditing for comprehensive audit coverage in universities

Rongping Yu — 2026-01-20

Ensuring full-scope audit coverage to safeguard the healthy and sustainable development of universities has emerged as a new mandate for internal audit. This study addresses the challenges that higher education institutions face in achieving comprehensive audit coverage. Drawing on President Xi Jinping's "strengthening audit through technology" concept, the advantages of big-data-driven auditing for realizing full internal audit coverage are analyzed. An integrated framework for a big data auditing information system is then established, detailing its architecture, core modules, and data‑flow mechanisms. Grounded in actual university audit practices, key applications of the system are examined. Principal implementation difficulties are dissected, and corresponding improvement measures are proposed. This work presents a reference model and provides practical recommendations for leveraging big data auditing technologies to achieve comprehensive audit coverage in higher education.