Published
2025-07-15
Section
Articles
How to Cite
沿海城市大气臭氧污染过程的化学机制与气象学成因分析
谢 庭晨
厦门市环境监测站
DOI: https://doi.org/10.59429/hjfz.v7i5.10276
Keywords: 臭氧；化学机制；气象影响；沿海城市
Abstract
针对 2024 年 10 月 11 日厦门出现的臭氧（O3）污染超标，基于大气超级站监测数据，分析了导致此次 O3 污染的化学机制与气象学成因。从光化学参数看，污染期间紫外线指数、光解速率和光化学指示物种 PANs 等变化 不显著，VOCs 整体浓度水平也呈下降趋势，因此，本地光化学生成不是导致 O3 浓度超标的主要因素。从天气形势 和气象条件来看，中国东南沿海地区受副热带高压控制，大气下沉运动较强烈，垂直扩散条件不利。同时受东北方 向气团的影响，其所携带长三角等地区污染气团通过福建沿海传输影响厦门，使得 11 日凌晨 O3 本底值水平较高， 叠加了日间光化学生成 O3，导致 O3 污染超标。从 O3 雷达图可知，11 日凌晨 3.0km 以下受 O3 传输影响明显，其中 1.5km 高度 O3 浓度最大，达到 125~190μg/m3 ，11 日 9 时残留层 O3 向下输送与近地面 O3 混合。后向轨迹模型分析结果也显示， 传输气团主要来自长三角一带经福建沿海传输，11 日上午下沉气流增强，影响厦门近地面 O3 浓度水平。因此，区域 联防联控是有效控制福建沿海城市发生传输型 O3 污染的关键。
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