Published
2026-04-20
Section
Articles
How to Cite
基于AHP-模糊综合评价法的露天矿爆破布孔方案优选研究
齐 志远
新疆大学,地质与矿业工程学院
陈 辉
新疆大学,地质与矿业工程学院/新疆大学新疆矿产资源绿色开发与生态修复省部共建协同创新中心
DOI: https://doi.org/10.59429/mkaqhb.v8i1.13585
Keywords: 露天矿;爆破布孔;AHP 层次分析法;模糊综合评价;梅花型布孔
Abstract
针对露天矿爆破布孔方案优选缺乏系统定量评价的问题,以新疆昌吉南露天煤矿为工程背景,设计了矩形布孔与梅花型布孔两种方案进行现场对比试验。在保持孔径、孔排距及装药量等核心参数一致的条件下,采集了大块率、根底率、爆堆高度、铲装效率及振动峰值等多维指标数据。构建了涵盖技术、经济、安全三个维度的多准则评价体系,运用层次分析法(AHP)确定各维度权重,其中技术维度权重最高(0.648),体现了层理岩层条件下破碎质量的核心地位。在此基础上,采用模糊综合评价法将实测数据运算,得到方案Ⅰ(矩形)综合得分 75.88 分,方案Ⅱ(梅花型)综合得分 85.69 分。结果表明,梅花型布孔在层理发育区域能有效改善应力波干涉路径,显著降低大块率与根底率,综合优势明显,可为类似地质条件下的露天矿爆破设计提供参考。
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