Dental Caries - Microbiological Investigation in Patients Attending a Dental Clinic
Tasnim Shamrin
Tasnim Shamrin, Assistant professor, City Dental College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Mohammad Nazmul Hossain
Mohammad Nazmul Hossain, Section officer, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology, Chattogram, Bangladesh
Tasnim Jannat
Tasnim Jannat, Research Associate, Novus Clinical Research Services Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Bulbul Ahmed
Medical Microbiologist, Dhaka Dental College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Sadia Islam
Sadia Islam, Scientific officer, Bangladesh Specialized Hospital PLC, Bangladesh
Md. Ashiqur Rahman
Md. Ashiqur Rahman, Officer, Novus Clinical Research Services Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh
DOI: https://doi.org/10.59429/mmr.v3i1.10184
Keywords: streptococcus mutans; lactobacillus; actinomyces; candida albicans; dental caries
Abstract
Background: Dental caries is a multifactorial disease influenced by various microorganisms. Streptococcus mutans has long been recognized as a primary pathogen, but other bacteria, fungi, and their interactions also play crucial roles in disease progression. Understanding these microbial dynamics is essential for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies. Objective: This study aimed to assess the microbial profiles associated with dental caries, focusing on the prevalence of key bacteria and fungi, their correlation with caries severity, and the potential for antimicrobial resistance. Methods: A total of 100 patients attending a dental clinic were included in the study. Microbial samples were collected from carious lesions and identified using microbial culture and PCR techniques. The correlation between microbial load and caries severity was analyzed, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on selected bacterial species. Results: The study found a high prevalence of S. mutans (90%) in carious lesions, confirming its primary role in caries initiation. Secondary invaders like Lactobacillus and Actinomyces were associated with deeper lesions and root surface caries. Additionally, Candida albicans was detected in pediatric cases, suggesting a potential synergistic role in severe early childhood caries. Resistance to tetracycline was observed in 15% of Lactobacillus isolates. Conclusion: The findings confirm the central role of S. mutans in dental caries and highlight the involvement of secondary pathogens like Lactobacillus and Actinomyces in disease progression. The presence of Candida albicans suggests a potential synergy in pediatric cases. A holistic approach considering both bacterial and fungal factors is crucial for effective caries management. Monitoring microbial resistance is essential for improving clinical outcomes.
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