Health Biomarker Analysis and Its Association with Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study
Adiatuj Jahan Rimu
Adiatuj Jahan Rimu, Department of Public Health & Life Sciences, University of South Asia, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Mst.Umme Habiba
Mst.Umme Habiba, Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, Independent University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Md. Rashidul Islam
Md. Rashidul Islam, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology , Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Bangladesh
Md. Farhad Hossain Jony
Md. Farhad Hossain Jony, Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Primeasia University, Dhaka, bangladesh
Md. Al-Amin Hossen
Md. Al-Amin Hossen, Department of Pathology, United Hospital Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh
DOI: https://doi.org/10.59429/mmr.v3i2.11824
Keywords: Metabolic syndrome; central obesity; dyslipidemia; cardiovascular risk; bangladesh
Abstract
Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MS) is a multifactorial disorder characterized by a cluster of interrelated cardiometabolic risk factors such as central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and impaired glucose metabolism. It significantly increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases, representing a growing public health concern in Bangladesh.
Objective: To evaluate the association between anthropometric, biochemical, and cardiovascular biomarkers and the presence of Metabolic Syndrome among middle-aged adults.
Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry, Ahad General Hospital, Savar, Dhaka, from July 2023 to June 2024, enrolling 595 participants aged 35–60 years. Anthropometric parameters (waist circumference, BMI), biochemical markers (random blood sugar, lipid profile), and blood pressure were measured using standardized protocols. Metabolic Syndrome was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0, applying chi-square tests, t-tests, Pearson’s correlation, and multivariate logistic regression.
Results: The overall prevalence of MS was 23.7%. Prevalence increased with age and was significantly higher in females (29.6%) than in males (17.6%) (p < 0.001). Participants with MS showed significantly higher waist circumference (101.9 ± 12.7 cm vs. 85.8 ± 11.6 cm), BMI (29.5 ± 4.6 vs. 24.2 ± 4.5 kg/m²), triglycerides (3.33 ± 1.87 vs. 1.51 ± 0.96 mmol/L), and systolic blood pressure (129.9 ± 16.5 vs. 115.8 ± 12.8 mmHg), with lower HDL cholesterol (1.02 ± 0.29 vs. 1.38 ± 0.45 mmol/L) (all p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression identified waist circumference (OR = 1.10, p < 0.001), triglycerides (OR = 2.85, p < 0.001), low HDL (OR = 0.16, p < 0.001), and systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.04, p < 0.001) as independent predictors of MS
Conclusion: Metabolic Syndrome was common among middle-aged adults, especially females. Central obesity, high triglycerides, low HDL, and elevated systolic pressure were key predictors. Routine screening of these markers can aid early detection and prevention of cardiometabolic risks.
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