Antibiotic Resistance to Imipenem in Hospitalized Patients: Patterns Among Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria in Bangladesh
Tasnim Shamrin
Tasnim Shamrin, Department of Microbiology, City Dental College and Hospital, Bangladesh, tasnimshamrin@gmail.com
Tanzila Akter
Tanzila Akter, Department of Virology, National Institute of Laboratory Medicine & Referral Center, Bangladesh tanzilaishani@gmail.com
Nisat Sultana
Nisat Sultana, Department of Microbiology, Stemz Health Care Limited, Bangladesh, nisat1995liza@gmail.com
Md. SujonAli
Md. Sujon Ali, Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Australia, msujonali07@gmail.com
Md. AshiqurRahman
Md. Ashiqur Rahman, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Novus Clinical Research Services Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh, ararashiqur@gmail.com
Sadia Islam
Sadia Islam, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Bangladesh Specialized Hospital PLC, Bangladesh, sadia.buhs.6700@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/mmr.v2i2.7857
Keywords: Imipenem; antibiotic resistance; Gram-negative bacteria; Gram-positive bacteria; hospitalized patients
Abstract
Background: Imipenem, a broad-spectrum carbapenem antibiotic, is essential for treating severe bacterial infections, particularly in hospitalized patients. However, the rising emergence of resistance among various bacterial pathogens presents a significant challenge to effective treatment strategies, highlighting the need for ongoing surveillance of antibiotic susceptibility. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria to Imipenem among 160 hospitalized patients in Bangladesh, with a focus on the relationship between bacterial isolate types, patient demographics, and resistance patterns. Methods: A total of 160 bacterial isolates were collected from clinical samples, including urine, blood, wound, sputum, tracheal tube secretions (TTS), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Standard microbiological methods were used for bacterial identification and Imipenem susceptibility testing. Statistical analyses, including correlation assessments, were performed to evaluate the relationship between sample type and resistance patterns. Results: The predominant bacterial isolates were Escherichia coli (25%), Klebsiella species (20%), and coagulase-negative Staphylococci (15%). High Imipenem susceptibility rates were observed in Escherichia coli (95%) and Proteus spp. (100%), while moderate resistance was noted in coagulase-negative Staphylococci (79%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (81%). The highest susceptibility was observed in urine (94%) and CSF (92%) samples, with statistically significant correlations (p < 0.05) indicating that sample type plays a crucial role in resistance patterns. Conclusion: Imipenem remains highly effective against Gram-negative bacteria, particularly in urinary and CSF isolates. However, resistance is emerging among Gram-positive organisms, especially coagulase-negative Staphylococci. These findings emphasize the importance of continuous surveillance of antibiotic resistance patterns to inform treatment strategies in hospitalized patients and guide clinical decision-making.
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