Association between Serum Uric Acid levels and Cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Rayhan Chowdhury
Rayhan Chowdhury, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b).
Khaleda Ferdous
Khaleda Ferdous, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS), Bangladesh
Anwara Khatun
Anwara Khatun, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Bangladesh
Sumon Halder
Sumon Halder, National Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Referral Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Anika Zafreen
Anika Zafreen, Novus Clinical Research Services Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh
DOI: https://doi.org/10.59429/mmr.v3i1.9170
Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Serum Uric Acid; Cardiovascular risk factors; Bangladesh; hypertension
Abstract
Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent and growing health concern in Bangladesh, contributing significantly to the burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Elevated serum uric acid (SUA) levels have been linked to several metabolic disorders, including diabetes and cardiovascular complications. However, the relationship between SUA levels and cardiovascular risk factors in T2DM patients in Bangladesh is underexplored. This study aimed to assess the association between SUA levels and key cardiovascular risk factors in T2DM patients.
Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted from January to December 2023 with 120 participants (90 T2DM patients and 30 controls). Sociodemographic and clinical data, including BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), blood pressure, lipid profile, and diabetes duration, were collected. Serum uric acid levels were measured using the phosphotungstic acid method. Data were analyzed with IBM SPSS version 21, using independent t-tests and chi-square tests for comparisons between groups.
Results: The mean SUA level was significantly higher in the diabetic group (5.88 ± 1.04 mg/dL) compared to controls (4.13 ± 0.85 mg/dL). A positive correlation was found between SUA levels and BMI (r = 0.45) and WHR (r = 0.38). Diabetic patients with hypertension had significantly higher SUA levels (6.60 ± 1.10 mg/dL) than non-hypertensive patients (4.79 ± 1.18 mg/dL, P < 0.05). SUA levels also increased with diabetes duration, with the highest levels in patients with diabetes for 9-12 years (6.47 ± 1.07 mg/dL).
Conclusion: This study found that serum uric acid levels were significantly higher in T2DM patients and positively correlated with BMI, WHR, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. SUA levels increased with the duration of diabetes, highlighting its potential role in predicting cardiovascular risk. Regular monitoring of SUA can be useful in managing T2DM patients to prevent cardiovascular complications.
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