Analysis of water environment quality characteristics in the Yellow River Basin of Shandong province
Tianxiu Lan
Business School, Shandong University of Technology
Haozhe Ye
Business School, Shandong University of Technology
Yang Bai
Business School, Shandong University of Technology
DOI: https://doi.org/10.59429/pest.v7i2.10381
Keywords: Yellow River Basin; Water quality assessment; Pollutant characteristics; Spatiotemporal variation; Ecological protection
Abstract
Mastering the changing patterns of water environment quality in the Yellow River Basin of Shandong Province is crucial for targeted pollution control and protection. Based on monthly water quality monitoring data from 12 national and provincial control sections in the Shandong section of the Yellow River Basin from 2020 to 2024, this study systematically evaluated the characteristics of the basin’s water environment quality using methods such as the single-factor assessment method, systematic cluster analysis, and time series analysis. The results show that the overall water quality of the basin has improved, with the proportion of Class I-III (excellent) water bodies stabilizing above 90%, and sections with Class V< (inferior to Class V) water quality being essentially eliminated. Although the main pollutants—permanganate index (CODmn), ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N), and total phosphorus (TP)—did not exceed standards overall, they exhibited significant seasonal fluctuations. The CODmn exceeded standards at a rate of 60%-80% during the flood season (July-September). The ammonia nitrogen exceeded standards at a rate of 100% in 2020. The total phosphorus exceeded standards at a rate close to 80% in August 2021. The dissolved oxygen (DO) compliance rate was generally high, but low-oxygen conditions (40%-90%) still occurred during high-temperature months. Systematic cluster analysis revealed that water quality conditions are mainly divided into three categories. The poorer-quality category was concentrated in most months of 2020 and individual months of spring and summer from 2021 to 2024. The good-quality category mainly included most months from 2022 to 2024. Spring and summer are critical periods requiring focused attention in future water environment management. The study recommends: strengthening non-point source pollution control during flood seasons, implementing a “floodwater interception + wetland purification” model; improving ecological water replenishment mechanisms and establishing a DO-flow linkage warning system; promoting rainwater-sewage diversion and online monitoring in industrial parks; and enhancing comprehensive agricultural non-point source pollution management. This research provides a scientific basis for water environment management in the Yellow River Basin of Shandong Province and offers significant guidance for achieving sustained water quality improvement.
References
[1]Sun Baodi, Cheng Daoxin, Chen Zhaohui, et al. Construction of Ecological Security Pattern in the Yellow River Basin of Shandong Province Based on Wetland Waterbird Protection [J/OL]. y, 1-16 [2025-06-04]. http://kns. cnki. net/kcms/detail/21.1253. Q.20250509.1605.002. html.
[2]Dong Qianqian, Wang Xiaoming. “Production-Living-Ecological” Land Use Transformation and Its Eco-environmental Effects Along the Yellow River in Shandong Province [J].), 2025, 55(02): 196-207. DOI:10.15991/j. cnki.411100.2025.02.011.
[3]Xiao Huabin, Zhu Linxiao, Sheng Shuo, et al. Comparison and Implementation Paths of Ecological Protection and High-Quality Development Strategic Models in the Yellow River Basin of Shandong Province—Based on Policy Text Analysis [J]. , 2025, (03): 52-59.
[4]State Environmental Protection Administration, General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine. *Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water: GB3838-2002* [S]. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 2002.
[5]Zhang Yan, Liang Zhijie, Zou Lei, et al. Study on Spatiotemporal Differences and Variation Characteristics of Water Quality in the Main Stream and Major Tributaries of the Yellow River [J]. , 2021, 40(9): 125-133.