先进急诊医学

交感神经在乳腺癌发生发展中的作用及机制研究进展

穆 德露

内蒙古医科大学

王 建东

中国人民解放军总医院

DOI: https://doi.org/10.59429/xjjz.v7i2.10343

Keywords: 交感神经系统；乳腺癌；肾上腺素能受体；肿瘤微环境

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Abstract

交感神经系统（sympathetic nervous system，SNS）作为神经—肿瘤交互作用（neuron-tumor crosstalk）的核 心调控网络，通过神经支配（innervation）及神经递质释放参与乳腺癌的发生、进展及转移过程。解剖学上，SNS 通 过节后神经元（postganglionic neurons）将其轴突延伸至靶器官，并在肿瘤微环境（tumor microenvironment，TME） 中形成密集的神经纤维网络。功能上，SNS 节后神经末梢释放的儿茶酚胺类神经递质（主要为去甲肾上腺素和肾上 腺素），通过结合肿瘤细胞及基质细胞表面表达的肾上腺素能受体（adrenergic receptors，ARs），尤其是 β2-AR 亚型， 激活下游 cAMP/PKA 等信号通路，进而调控肿瘤细胞的增殖、代谢重编程及免疫逃逸。论文系统综述 SNS 调控乳腺 癌的多维度机制，为靶向神经调控通路提供理论支持。

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